Internal-combustion engine.



J .j A @ILES INTERNAL GOMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLIUATION HLED MAR.19, 1909.v

Patented May 2, 1911,.

2 SHBBTvS-SHEET '1.

' /ff-f@ J. A. GILBS. INTERNAL GOMBUSIION ENGINE.

AlPLIOATION FILED MAB.. 19, 1909.

990,974. Patented May 2,1911.

2 SHEETS-SHEET z.

QIN

WITNESSES:

UNiTnn sTiiTns PATENT onirica.

.JULIAN A. eILEs, or

DERBY, CONNECTICUT.

'INTERNAL-coMBUsTIoN ENGINE.

To all. whom 'it may concem:. I Be it known that I, JULIAN A.' Gines, a

citizen of the United. States offA'merica, 1and residentof Derbycount-y of New Haven, and State. of Connecticut, have invented cert-ain new and useful llinprovements in Internal -Coinbustion Engines, of which "the following is a specification. f

, My invention relates -to internal combus# tion. or gas engines and. particularly to the class .of two-cycle engines. The object of my improvement is to provide an engine of this class which shall b e simple and effective in its construction and operation, whichshall be especially convenient for manufacture and one in which the admission of inixture'to the compression chamber and to the cylinders and the exliaust 4'of burned gases` is controlled by the 20 movement of the pistons ,cover-ing, and un'- covering` ports suitablyarranged. j

. My invention consists in the novel eon structicns and arrangements of vparts hereinafter more .fully pointed out and ldescribed. ,v v .Inthc drawings accompanying and forming a part of'this specification, Figure l represents al section on line 1 1 of Fig. 2,'Fig. a .section on line 2--2 of Fig.` 3, Fig. 3 a

4 partial section on line 3 3 of Fig; 2', and Figs. 4 and 5 respectively a partial plan and side view of the upper end of the piston operating in the cylinder in which the com bustible charge isadmitted, and Fig. 6 represents a section online 6-6 of Fig. l liro'ugh the ports in the lower endof cyline'r 2. A

The reference .characters are used inthe same sense throughout the drawings and the specification.

The preferred form of my invention "herein illustrated and described, is designed especiallyl for power driven vehicles and similar uses and: it comprises two complete engines united in asingle frame work, each of which comprises two cylinders, two pistons and two` piston rods connected to a'sifn` gle crosshead, connecting rod and crank. The two cylinders are designated by 4numer- 50 als l and 2, respectively, the former being Specification of Letters Patent. Application fled March 19,

Patented May 42,1911..

1909. seria1No.4s4 .,4e4. f

the cylinder4 in which the .explosive 'ch-arge 4or combustible mixture is admitted, while' the cylinder 2 is the one from which the burned gases are eahausted.l4 These cylindersare connected at their upper ends by a continuously open passage 3.` The Icylinders 1 and :2 are formedv of 'an integral casting,

' beingjoined at their upper 'or explosion end by the walls 4 of the connecting passage 3, and at their lower ends by a web 5 which web is finished to form a seat to engage a`corre' sponding'seat on tlie top ofthe com-pression' chamber The cylinder"1 terminates at this seat and has formed in its end' a recess for the reception of packing rings, as clearly shown in Fig.l l. The cylinder .2 has an end 8 which projects some distance below the lower face or seat ofthe web y5 and has a se-V ries'of ports 9 formedtherein, which ports.

when .uncovered by the upward movement of the piston afford communicationbetween the. interior of the cylinder below the piston and the annular chamber 10 y formed in-,a re-l cessed port-ion of the compression chamber'6 and surrounding the projecting 'end 8 of the' The annular chamber 10 comcylinder 2. munlcates with the passagev 11 which' 1s adapted to connect with a sourceof mixture supply, in any convenient manner. The pis' ton 12 operates in cylinder 1 and is' provided with' ports 13 which are adapted whenv the piston is in its lowest position' to afford com` nnu'iication between the compression cham ber 6 and the cyllnder 1. These ports are ar'- ranged, as clearly shown in Figs. 4 and-5, so

as to give the mixture a spiral directionas it enters the cylinder, thereby causing the heavier or unevaporated particles of' the mixture to rapidly fly outward. and make contact with the 4hot walls of the cylinder to cause their more rapid and complete evap` oration. AThe piston 14 operates in cylinder.

2. This piston is provided with twosets packing rings l5 but has no portsin it,

When .this piston is in its highest position 'its lower edge uncovers the ports 9, thereby ad.`

-f'mitting mixture from the chamberA 10 "to the compression chamber 6, and when 1t is in'its lowest position, or at the end' of its working stroke, it uncoversthe exhaustfports .1 6 in'y -50 preferably cast integrally with tlr cylinder 2. These exhaust-.ports lead to the exhaust passage 17..:The cxliaii'st"ports 16 are of triangular form, each triangular Stuiing boxes 21 aresecured to the partition 19 toprevent leakage around Vthe-'piston rods 22 which are secured to the pistons' at their upper ends -and tothe crosshead 23v at their lower ends.

In order to provide for the increased pressure ont-he crosshead pin 24, which results from havingl two istons connected to a single crosshead, an to'kee within the limited space available in engines of this class, I provide a special construction of crosshead and connectin rod which enables me to utilize the sur ace of the pin on the side on which the thrust is exerted'for its entire length. A semi-cylindrical recess 25 is formed in the crosshead to lit the curvature of. the crossliead pin 24, and a recess 26 of greater depth than the semi-cylindrical recess 25 is formed in the crosshead at right angles to the axes of the pin, to receive the connecting rod strap 27 which is here shown 4as being formed integrally with .the connecting rod28. The pin 24 is secured to the crossliead by means of the bolts 29. The upper end of' the connecting rod 28 has recessed extensionsBO which extend out on pin. By means of this construction the entire lower surface of the pin is available for bearing surface. The lower end of the connecting rod engages the crank 31 on the crank sliaft 3 2 in any approved manner. The. -crosshead works iii vertical guides formed in the hollow column 32` which is y ecompression chamber Gand is joined at its lower end to the crank i'rame33 in which are the crank shaft bearings 34. It is thus seen that the crosshead and connecting rod work in a closed case which is separa-ted from the compression 4chamber by thetransverse partition or web 19,- by means of which construction the lubricating oil contained in the crank case is prevented from mingling with the mixture and at the same time the volume of the compression chamber is limited to a more economical proportion, permitting a higher compression therein. i IIaving thus described my invention what I claim is:

The object of this igniting device ofany approved construcchamber and the'crosshead and crank casewith 1.`.In au internalcombustion engine the combination' with a compression chamber and a .pair of cylinders having their explosion ends connected by a passage and their kopposite ends opening into said lcompression 7,0 chamber,of.a crank case, a crank' in said crank case,`a partition separating said crank case from said compression chamber, pistons inl said cylinders having rods connected thereto which pass through said partition,

exhaust ports in one of- Said-cylinders ada ted to be uncoveredv by the piston "in sai, cylinder at the .end ofthe :outward o r working stroke, admissionv ports forgthe mixL ture' in thesaine cylinder adaptedtogbe niicovered by said piston at the end of its .inward stroke to admit mixture tosaidcome pression chamber, `and ports ,in the pistonin the other cylinder adapted to vbe uncovered when' the piston therein' i'snear the endof its outward stroke to convey mixture from said cylinder at the end' of its outward or working stroke, admission ports for the mix-v` ture in the same cylindei' adapted to be uricovered by said piston at the end of its i-n l y Ward stroke to admit mixture. to said coni v105 pression chamber, and ports in the piston in the other cylinder adapted to be" opened when the istonis nearthe end ofV its out; ward stro te, said ports bein4 arranged to" cause the mixture to ent-er sai cyliiider in spiral direction. i 3. In an internal combustion engine the combination with a crank, a crank-shaft, a

connecting-rod and a cross-head, operatively connected together, of a pair of pistons, a pair of piston-rods connecting respectively said pistons with said cross-head, a pair of cylinders in which said pistons operate respectively, having their explosion'ends in open communication, a compression chamber .120 into which'said cylinders open separated y from the crosshead by a partition between the-crosshead and ythe pistons, a chamber adapted to be criinected With a supply of com-butible mi 't-ure and communicating 125 aid com y'ression chamber through ports or openings in the Wall of one of said cylinders adapted to be uncovered bythe piston operating therein, and ports in the piston operating in the other cylinder to isocontroly the admission of mixture from said compression chamber to said other cylinder.

4;. ln an internal combustion engine the combination with a compression chamber and a seat formed integrally therewith, of a pair of parallel vcylinders having their explosion ends connected by an open passage, a transverse web connecting said cylinders near their opposite ends said web forming a seat adapted to register with the seat ot said compression chamber, one of said cylinders terminating at and the other projecting beyond the plane ot'saidseat into said compression. chamber.

5. ln an internal combustion engine a coinpression chamber in combination with a pair of parallel cylinders having their explosion ends connected by an open passage, a transverse web forming a seat connecting said cylinders, a. seat formed upon said compression chamber adapted to register with the seat connectingsaid cylinders, one of said cylinders terminating at and the other projecting beyond the plane of said' seat into s said compression chamber and having an exhaust passage formed on it between said transverse web and the explosion end of the cylinder, said exhaust passage communicating with the cylinder through openings in the cylinder Wall.

6. ln an internal combustion `engine a compression chamber having a seat formed integrally therewith, in combination with a pair of parallel cylinders having their explosion ends connected by an open passage, a transverse web Connected to said cylinders near their opposite ends and forming a seat adapted to register with the seat on said compression chamber, one of said cylinders terminating atl and the other projeting beyond the plane of said seat and having an exhaust passa-ge formed on it be-l tween said seat and the explosion end ot' the cylinder communicating with the cylinder through openings of increasing width in the cylinder wall.

7. In an internal combustion engine a compression chamber having a seat formed integrally therewith, in combination with pair of parallel cylinders haying their explosion ends connected by an open passage, a transverse web connecting said cylinders near their opposite ends forming a seat adapted to engage said seat of said compression chamber', one of said cylinders terminating and the other projecting beyond the plane of said seatand having an e X haust passage formed on it between said seat and the explosion end of said cylinder', and a mixture passage formed about the projecting end of said cylinder communicating with the interior thereof in the cylinder wall.

l- S. In an internal combustion engine the'v combination with a pair ci parallel .cylinthrough openings ders having their explosion ends joined by an open passage and connected by a transverse web forming a seat.,'one ot said cylinders terminating at said seat and having a recess formed therein for the reception ci packing rings, and the other projecting beyond said seat, and having exhaust ports between said seat and its explosion end and inlet ports on the other side of saidseat, of a compression chamber having a seat secured to the seat on said cylinders and provided with al recess adapted to receive the projecting end of said cylinder to form a mixture passage around said projecting end.

9. ln an internal combustion engine, acom- `pression chamber in combination with a pair of parallel cylinders having their explosion ends connected by an open passage and connected at adistance from their explosion ends'by a transverse web forming the upper wall of said compression chamber, a trainsverse web or partition forming the lower wall of said compression chamber, a vertical web forming the side walls, of said compressionchainber and having a seat adapted to register with and be secured to a seat in said upper wall, an exhaust passage formed on one of said cylinders between said upper wall and the Aexplosion end of the cylinder, said exhaust passage being connected with said cylinder through openings in the cylinder wall.,

10. ln an internal combustion engine the combination with a compression chamber and a pair 'of cylinders having their explosive ends connected by a passage and their opposite ends opening into said compression chamber, of a frame, a crank in said frame, a partition connectingrsaid frame with said compression chamber, pistons in said cylinders having rods connected thereto which pass through said partition, exhaust ports in one of said cylinders'-a'dapted to be uncovered by the piston fini-said cylinder at the end of the outward orworking stroke, controlled ports to admit mixture to said compression lchamber and ports in the piston in the other cylinder adapted to be uncovered when the piston therein is near the end of its outward stroke to convey mixture from said compression chamber-to said other cylinder.

l1. In an internal combustion engine the combination with ay compression chamber and a pair of cylinders having their explosion ends connected by a passage and their opposite ends opening into said compression chamber, of a frame, a crank in said frame,

a partition separating said frame' from said compression chamber, pistons in said cylinders having rods connected thereto which pass through said partition, exhaust ports in one Orsa-id cylinders adapted to be uncovered bythe piston in said cylinder at the end of'its outward or working stroke, ,controlled yma pori-s to lxxli; .mixture to said compression nume to this specification in the presence of chamber, :1nd ports m the piston 1n the other two subscribing Wltnesses. i

cylinder adapted to be opened when the pisl;

tonisuearthe end ofits outward stroke, said JULIAN A' GILES 5 ports being arranged to cause the mixture vto Witnesses:

enter said cylinder in :i spiral direction. FRANK M. CLARK,A

In testimony whereof, I have signed my S. H. LESSER. 

